Tx  a nmf wt



J LLROWE. Plumb Line and Level.

N6. 19817. I Patented March 30,1858.

mmm ff lff 1" v F- N. PETKRS. Plmwum u lwr, WashingXuIL n.6,

JNO. L. ROWE, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR TO FREDERICK STEVENS, OF SAME PLACE.

METHOD OF ATTACHING PLUMB-LINES TO PLUMB AND LEVEL INDICATORS.

Specification of Letters Patent No. 19,817, dated March 30, 1858.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1, JOHN L. ROWE, of the city, county, and State of New York, have invented a new and Improved Plumb and Level Indicator; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description-of the same, reference being had to the annexed drawings, making a part of this specification, in which Figure 1, is a front view of my improvement, the front of the case being removed in order to show the interior. Fig. 2, is a side sectional view of the same. Fig. 3, is also a side view of the same in a horizontal position with a portion of the side nearest the eye broken away in order to show the spirit tube.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in the several figures.

This invention consists in placing within a suitable case a leveling spirit tube, a loaded index fitted or hung over a graduated arc, and a plumb line, the parts being arranged as hereinafter shown so as to combine in one implement the several parts named, in such a way as to render said implement more efficient than any hitherto devised for a similar purpose.

To enable those skilled in the art to fully understand and construct my invention I will proceed to describe it. l A, represents a rectangular case or box which may be constructed of wood of oblong form, and having a leveling spirit tube B, fitted in its upper end. This tube is of usual construction.

C, is a metal plate attached to the front part of the case A, and having a graduated are (a) engraved or marked thereon.

D, is an index which is hung loosely on a pivot (39), said pivot being at the center of a circle of which the are (a) is a segment. This index is loaded at one end so that it will by gravity always remain in a vertical position irrespective of the position of the case A. The are (a) and index D, is just below the spirit tube B, and the front side of the case has an opening made in it so as to expose the spirit tube B, the arc (a) and the point of the index D.

Within the case A, a shaft E, is placed transversely. One end of this shaft extends through the side of the case and has a'folding or ointed crank handle F, attached. A spring G, placed within the case bears against one end of this shaft and prevents the casual movement of the same. On the shaft E, a line or cord H, is wound, said cord having a bob I, attached to its end.

J, is an eye which is placed exactly at the center of the width of the case, and (b), (b), are two rods which are secured horizontally within the case A, near its lower end, said rods being sufiiciently far apart to allow the cord H, to pass freely between them and at the same time prevent the bob I, from passing unnecessarily far within the case.

K, is a spirit tube which is placed vertically in one side of the case A. This tube allows the implement to be used as an ordinary spirit level, the sides of the case being parallel with each other.

The object of the invention will be understood from the following description. In order to carry or build up walls perfectly vertical one side of the case A, is placed against the stone, brick or other substance being laid or secured in position, as shown in red Fig. l. The bubble in the tube B, as well as the index D, will indicate the vertical position of the article, and if not vertical the graduator are (a) will designate the precise variation so. that the article may be readily placed in a proper vertical position. There is however another point to be considered in the building of walls, the stone, brick or other article or substance being laid must not only be vertical but must be in line with the courses below it and hence the value of the plumb line for the cord may be drawn out from the case and made to descend fifteen or twenty feet, that being the usual length of cord designed to be used and wound on shaftE. The plumb line there fore will enable the workman to build or erect the wall with every course in line one with the other. This will be understood by referring to Fig. 1, in which it will be seen that the brick (a being laid projects slightly over the lower courses as indicated clearly by the plumb line.

At present in order to build walls perfectly vertical, a separate implement or plumb line is used, the line being attached. to a board about 2 feet or 2, feet in length. This implement is comparatively inefiicient as but a small portion of the wall can be gaged or tested at once, the ordinary plumb line is also rather cumbersome. By my improvement the level and plumb line are combined so that a very efficient implement is But What I claim as my invention, and deobtained both parts being used so that a sire to secure by Letters Patent, is: brick, stone or other portion of a Wall or The attachment to a plumb level indicator, building in course of construction may at made substantially asdescribed, of the reel 15 5 the same time be adjusted both vertically E, and cord H, as and for the purposes set and in line with the other course]: or partsi. forth. Tie implement may 0 course e ap lie to advantage in Various kinds of Work. JOHN ROWE I do not claim the employment of two Witnesses: 10 spirit levels; nor do I claim the employment W. TUsoH, l

of a pivoted pointer to indicate the plumb. WM. HAUFF. 

